peak

In textile production and haberdashery, a peak is the stiffened visor projecting horizontally from the front of a cap or baseball hat. It extends forward from the crown band to shade the wearer's eyes and face. The peak is typically constructed from two layers of fabric stitched together with an inner layer of buckram, millinery buckram, or thermoplastic interlining to provide rigidity and shape retention.

Peaks vary in length and curve depending on the cap style and intended use. A sports cap peak may project 2.5 to 3.5 inches forward with a pronounced downward curve; a dress cap peak is often shorter and flatter. The underside finish, called the sweatband or under-visor, is typically lined with cotton twill or synthetic fabric to improve comfort and durability. Many peaks incorporate metal eyelets or ventilation holes to reduce heat buildup.

The peak is assembled separately from the main cap body and sewn to the crown opening before the sweatband is attached. This sequencing is critical because the peak must be anchored securely at the crown seam to withstand repeated handling and folding. Poor peak attachment is a common defect; loose peaks result in puckering around the crown and eventual separation during wear or washing.

Peaks are subject to specific performance standards in quality control. They are tested for stiffness retention after repeated washing, resistance to creasing, and color fastness. Synthetic interlining has largely replaced traditional buckram in high-volume production because it resists moisture absorption and maintains its shape better through multiple laundries.

The term peak is primarily British and Commonwealth usage; North American textile workers more commonly say bill or visor. In European haberdashery, schirm (German) and visière (French) refer to the same component. The distinction matters when reading specifications or working across international suppliers.